Background T cells have emerged as a promising candidate for cancer immunotherapy due to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) independence, epithelial tissue residency and cytotoxic activity.1 T cell receptors undergo V(D)J recombination similarly to αβT. Single cell studies show distinct functional and temporal properties based on variable gene usage; the most abundant subtypes are V1 and… Continue reading 1382 In-situ subtyping of {gamma}{delta}T cells in the tumor microenvironment with spatially resolved transcriptomics
Tag: Viral Genetics and Evolution
1174 Utility of immune cell receptor repertoires as predictors of development and mechanism of immune checkpoint inhibitor induced pneumonitis
Background Pneumonitis is an immune-related adverse event (irAE) associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy that is increasing in incidence and carries a risk of hospitalisation, treatment complexity and mortality. Biomarker monitoring, early identification and novel, mechanistically driven treatment options would improve outcomes. Methods Patients enrolled on the translational HYST study (IRAS 105915) who developed… Continue reading 1174 Utility of immune cell receptor repertoires as predictors of development and mechanism of immune checkpoint inhibitor induced pneumonitis
1140 Engineered B cells show anti-tumor activity in preclinical model of HER2+ breast cancer
Background B-cells are abundant tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in various solid tumors and exhibit both pro- and anti-tumor roles. Regulatory B-cells secrete immunosuppressive cytokines in the tumor microenvironment (TME), counteracting T-cell responses. Conversely, B-cells can produce anti-tumor antibodies, present tumor-specific antigens, secrete inflammatory molecules, and form tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), Germinal Centre (GC)-like structures crucial for… Continue reading 1140 Engineered B cells show anti-tumor activity in preclinical model of HER2+ breast cancer
824 Defining the determinants of immune response in DNA homologous recombination deficient tumors
Background Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has shown unprecedented success in improving clinical outcomes for cancer patients, but many patients still fail to respond to treatment.1 Studies by our lab have demonstrated that DNA Damage Repair (DDR) pathways play a key role in determining response to ICB. More granular assessment shows that certain DDR alterations are… Continue reading 824 Defining the determinants of immune response in DNA homologous recombination deficient tumors
159 Refining TCR clonotype identification with long-read sequencing technique
Background Beyond conventional short-read Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), long-read sequencing technology, like Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT),1 enhance coverage and resolution of genomics fragments, crucial for detecting T Cell Receptors (TCRs) known for their variability from VDJ recombination.2 Short-read NGS sequences from 3’ or 5’ end of the cDNA template, for 3’ short-read sequencing, adapters/barcodes near constant… Continue reading 159 Refining TCR clonotype identification with long-read sequencing technique
PARP inhibitors enhance antitumor immune responses by triggering pyroptosis via TNF-caspase 8-GSDMD/E axis in ovarian cancer
AI SummaryThis study explores how PARP inhibitors (PARPis) enhance antitumor immune responses in ovarian cancer by triggering pyroptosis via the TNF-caspase 8-GSDMD/E axis. The research shows that PARPis induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) characterized as pyroptosis, leading to an inflamed tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and increased infiltration of immune cells. The activation of TNF-caspase 8… Continue reading PARP inhibitors enhance antitumor immune responses by triggering pyroptosis via TNF-caspase 8-GSDMD/E axis in ovarian cancer
Vaccination generates functional progenitor tumor-specific CD8 T cells and long-term tumor control
AI SummaryThis study explores the impact of vaccination on tumor-specific CD8 T cells in a mouse model of liver cancer. The researchers found that vaccination with a specific antigen blocked cancer development, generated functional progenitor T cells, and halted cancer progression. In contrast, immune checkpoint blockade therapy did not have the same effect. The study… Continue reading Vaccination generates functional progenitor tumor-specific CD8 T cells and long-term tumor control
Pancreatic Cancer: The Search for an Achilles Heel
AI SummaryThis article discusses the challenges associated with pancreatic cancer and the ongoing research to find vulnerabilities in the disease. Researchers are exploring new therapies, including targeted agents like PARP inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, as well as treatments targeting specific mutations like KRAS signaling. Additionally, the role of autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells, particularly… Continue reading Pancreatic Cancer: The Search for an Achilles Heel
Finding Ways to Overcome Ovarian Cancer’s Resistance to Immunotherapy
AI SummaryThe content discusses the resistance of ovarian cancer to immunotherapy and the various strategies researchers are exploring to overcome this resistance. It outlines how ovarian cancer is typically treated, current challenges, and introduces new combination therapies that have shown promising results in clinical trials. The article also highlights the importance of understanding the tumor… Continue reading Finding Ways to Overcome Ovarian Cancer’s Resistance to Immunotherapy
Niraparib first-line maintenance therapy in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer: final overall survival results from PRIMA/ENGOT-OV26/GOG-3012 trial
AI SummaryIn the phase 3 PRIMA/ENGOT-OV26/GOG-3012 trial, Niraparib first-line maintenance therapy showed significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) for patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer (aOC) who responded to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy, regardless of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status. The final overall survival (OS) results are reported, indicating the potential benefits of this treatment… Continue reading Niraparib first-line maintenance therapy in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer: final overall survival results from PRIMA/ENGOT-OV26/GOG-3012 trial