Transplantation and Transplant Rejection

Contradiction: Inhibiting inflammation and immunosuppression in the treatment of IBD

S100A9 and HMGB1 orchestrate MDSC-mediated immunosuppression in melanoma through TLR4 signaling

AI SummaryThis study investigates the role of S100A9 and HMGB1, acting through TLR4 signaling, in the immunosuppression mediated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in melanoma. The researchers found that exposure to S100A9 and HMGB1 converted monocytes into MDSC through TLR4 signaling. Additionally, elevated plasma levels of S100A8/9 correlated with shorter progression-free survival in melanoma patients.… Continue reading S100A9 and HMGB1 orchestrate MDSC-mediated immunosuppression in melanoma through TLR4 signaling

MHC class I and II-deficient humanized mice are suitable tools to test the long-term antitumor efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and T-cell engagers

AI SummaryThis article discusses the use of MHC class I and II-deficient humanized mice as tools to study the long-term efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and T-cell engagers in cancer immunotherapy. The study explores different strategies to overcome xenograft-versus-host disease (xGVHD) in immunodeficient mice engrafted with human PBMCs and co-engrafted with tumor cells. The results… Continue reading MHC class I and II-deficient humanized mice are suitable tools to test the long-term antitumor efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and T-cell engagers

NIH awards multi-million grant for groundbreaking organ transplantation research

AI SummaryNIH has granted the Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation a multi-million dollar grant to support research in organ transplantation and antibody-mediated rejection. The funding will facilitate the creation of a state-of-the-art multi-organs-on-a-chip platform, focused on liver and heart allografts, to study rejection and immune tolerance mechanisms with unprecedented precision. This innovative model aims to… Continue reading NIH awards multi-million grant for groundbreaking organ transplantation research

Immune isolation-enabled nanoencapsulation of donor T cells: a promising strategy for mitigating GVHD and treating AML in preclinical models

AI SummaryThis study explores the use of immune isolation-enabled nanoencapsulation of donor T cells as a promising strategy for managing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in preclinical models. The researchers crafted nanocapsules to encapsulate T cells, which were then transplanted into AML mice. The encapsulated T cells demonstrated a reduction in… Continue reading Immune isolation-enabled nanoencapsulation of donor T cells: a promising strategy for mitigating GVHD and treating AML in preclinical models

Targeting IL-33 reprograms the tumor microenvironment and potentiates antitumor response to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy

AI SummaryThis study focused on the use of IL-33 targeting to enhance the antitumor response to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy by reprogramming the tumor microenvironment. The research demonstrated that blocking IL-33 using a fusion protein in combination with anti-PD-L1 treatment increased T cell responses, inhibited tumor progression, and provided long-term protective immunity. Targeting both IL-33 and PD-L1… Continue reading Targeting IL-33 reprograms the tumor microenvironment and potentiates antitumor response to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy

Sustained HIV remission after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with wild-type CCR5 donor cells

AI SummaryThis article discusses a case study of a male who achieved sustained HIV remission after receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a wild-type CCR5 donor, rather than a CCR5Δ32 homozygous donor. The patient’s plasma viral load remained undetectable for 32 months after stopping antiretroviral treatment. The study suggests that HIV remission may be… Continue reading Sustained HIV remission after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with wild-type CCR5 donor cells

Cell surface RNA virus nucleocapsid proteins: a viral strategy for immunosuppression?

AI SummaryThis article discusses the role of nucleocapsid protein (N) or nucleoprotein (NP) in RNA viruses and its potential for immunosuppression. N proteins coat the viral genome, protecting it from immune sensors and inducing strong antibody and T cell responses. N proteins are often highly expressed and can be found on the infected cell surface,… Continue reading Cell surface RNA virus nucleocapsid proteins: a viral strategy for immunosuppression?

Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for DOCK8 Deficiency: Results from a Prospective Clinical Trial

AI SummaryThis study investigates the outcomes of hematopoietic cell transplantation as a treatment for DOCK8 deficiency, a rare genetic disorder that affects the immune system. The results of a prospective clinical trial are analyzed to assess the effectiveness of this treatment approach in improving immune function and overall health in patients with DOCK8 deficiency. This… Continue reading Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for DOCK8 Deficiency: Results from a Prospective Clinical Trial

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Treatment of Parkinson Disease

AI SummaryThe article discusses a randomized clinical trial that assesses the safety and effectiveness of fecal microbiota transplantation in treating Parkinson’s disease.This randomized clinical trial evaluates the safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of Parkson disease.