Study on the clinical characteristics, persistent infection capability and viral load of human papillomavirus type 26 single infection

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. Different types of HPV have varying carcinogenic capabilities, and viral load is one of the key indicators of pathogenicity. Currently… Continue reading on BioMed Central

Immune microenvironment of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative compared to EBV-associated gastric cancers: implications for immunotherapy

Background Gastric carcinomas (GC) are aggressive malignancies, and only ~15% of patients respond to anti-programmed cell death (ligand) 1 (PD-(L)1) monotherapy. However, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated GCs (~5–10% of GCs) often harbor PD-L1 and PD-L2 chromosomal amplifications and robust CD8+ T cell infiltrates, and respond at a high rate to anti-PD-1. The current study compares the… Continue reading Immune microenvironment of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative compared to EBV-associated gastric cancers: implications for immunotherapy

Glycan-induced structural activation softens the human papillomavirus capsid for entry through reduction of intercapsomere flexibility

Abstract High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause various cancers. While type-specific prophylactic vaccines are available, additional anti-viral strategies are highly desirable. Initial HPV cell entry involves receptor-switching induced by structural capsid modifications. These modifications are initiated by interactions with cellular heparan sulphates (HS), however, their molecular nature and functional consequences remain elusive. Combining virological assays with… Continue reading Glycan-induced structural activation softens the human papillomavirus capsid for entry through reduction of intercapsomere flexibility

Unlocking CD8+ T cell potential in chronic hepatitis B virus infection

Advances in 2024 have transformed our understanding of CD8+ T cell dysfunction in chronic hepatitis B virus infection, revealing diverse T cell populations that defy the classic exhaustion model. Studies highlight new therapeutic strategies, such as 4-1BB agonism and TGFβ inhibition, that could rejuvenate these cells and restore antiviral function. Key advances Andreata et al.6… Continue reading Unlocking CD8+ T cell potential in chronic hepatitis B virus infection