AI SummaryThe content discusses the balance in the brain between stability and flexibility, focusing on individual neurons and synapses in the sensory cortex. Pyramidal neurons have both stable and flexible synapses, with some synapses losing their flexibility by adulthood. The study reveals that stable synapses in a specific region of these neurons have unique properties… Continue reading Finding some stability in adaptable brains
Tag: Neuroanatomy and Structure
Dorsal root ganglion inflammation by oxaliplatin toxicity: DPEP1 as possible target for peripheral neuropathy prevention
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) constitutes a dose-limiting side effect of oxaliplatin chemotherapy that often compromises the efficacy of antineoplastic treatments. Sensory neurons damage in dorsal root ganglia (D…
Decision-Making with Predictions of Others Likely and Unlikely Choices in the Human Brain
AI SummaryThe study examines the neural processes and computations involved in social decision-making when predicting the choices of others. Participants made value-based decisions based on predictions of others’ likely and unlikely choices. Results showed that the posterior cingulate cortex correlated with primary value differences, while the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex correlated with secondary value differences.… Continue reading Decision-Making with Predictions of Others Likely and Unlikely Choices in the Human Brain
Effects of Phasic Activation of Locus Ceruleus on Cortical Neural Activity and Auditory Discrimination Behavior
AI SummaryThe study investigates the impact of activating locus ceruleus (LC) neurons on cortical neural activity and auditory discrimination behavior. Optogenetic activation of LC-noradrenergic neurons induced high gamma oscillation in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and increased norepinephrine levels, leading to impulsive behavioral responses in an auditory discrimination task. The findings enhance understanding of the neural… Continue reading Effects of Phasic Activation of Locus Ceruleus on Cortical Neural Activity and Auditory Discrimination Behavior
The Hippocampus Represents Information about Movements in Their Temporal Position in a Learned Motor Sequence
AI SummaryThis article explores how the human hippocampus represents information regarding the order of sequential motor actions in learned motor sequences. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, the study found that the hippocampus specifically represents information about movements in their learned temporal position in the sequence, emphasizing its role in motor learning. Other regions of the… Continue reading The Hippocampus Represents Information about Movements in Their Temporal Position in a Learned Motor Sequence
Chinese Verbal Fluency Deficiency in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with and without Hippocampal Sclerosis: A Multiscale Study
AI SummaryIn this study, a Chinese character version of the phonemic verbal fluency task was tested in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) to assess verbal fluency deficiency in TLE with and without hippocampal sclerosis. The results showed activation and deactivation deficiency in both TLE-HS and TLE-NHS, with impaired functional connectivity, degree centrality, and community… Continue reading Chinese Verbal Fluency Deficiency in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with and without Hippocampal Sclerosis: A Multiscale Study
Heterogeneity in Slow Synaptic Transmission Diversifies Purkinje Cell Timing
AI SummaryThe content discusses the discovery of heterogeneity in slow synaptic transmission at parallel fiber synapses to Purkinje cells in the mouse cerebellum. Unlike uniform fast synaptic transmission, the properties of slow synaptic transmission varied significantly across different lobules, leading to surprising heterogeneity in the timing of Purkinje cell firing patterns. Depending on the location… Continue reading Heterogeneity in Slow Synaptic Transmission Diversifies Purkinje Cell Timing
Medial Prefrontal Cortex Stimulation Reduces Retrieval-Induced Forgetting via Fronto-parietal Beta Desynchronization
AI SummaryIn this study, researchers found that stimulating the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) with transcranial direct current stimulation reduced retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) by increasing the retrieval accuracy of competing memories. The stimulation led to a more pronounced beta desynchronization within the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (left-DLPFC) and the parietal cortex, which are associated with successful… Continue reading Medial Prefrontal Cortex Stimulation Reduces Retrieval-Induced Forgetting via Fronto-parietal Beta Desynchronization
Study assesses seizure risk from stimulating the thalamus
AI SummaryResearchers from MIT and Massachusetts General Hospital conducted a study assessing seizure risk associated with electrically stimulating the central thalamus in awake mice. The study found that electrographic seizures occurred in 10 out of 12 mice in response to CT-DBS, even at low current levels. Seizure risk increased with higher current levels, independent of… Continue reading Study assesses seizure risk from stimulating the thalamus
Finding some stability in adaptable brains
AI SummaryIn a study conducted by MIT’s McGovern Institute, researchers like neuroscientist Mark Harnett investigate how individual neurons in the brain’s sensory cortex can maintain stability while also being adaptable. They discovered that some synapses on pyramidal neurons lose flexibility early in life, allowing for a combination of stable and flexible synapses to interpret visual… Continue reading Finding some stability in adaptable brains