Tag: Laboratory Biochemistry
B7-H3 CAR-T cell therapy combined with irradiation is effective in targeting bulk and radiation-resistant chordoma cancer cells
Background Chordoma is a slow-growing, primary malignant bone tumor that arises from notochordal tissue in the midline of the axial skeleton. Surgical excision with negative margins is the mainstay of treatment, but high local recurrence rates are reported even with negative margins. High-dose radiation therapy (RT), such as with proton or carbon ions, has been… Continue reading B7-H3 CAR-T cell therapy combined with irradiation is effective in targeting bulk and radiation-resistant chordoma cancer cells
Selective expression and significance of ACKR2 in lung aerocytes
Background ACKR2 is an atypical chemokine receptor that plays a significant role in regulating inflammation by binding to inflammatory CC chemokines and facilitating their degradation. Previous findings suggest that the genetic absence of ACKR2 leads to heightened tumor growth in inflammation-driven models. Conversely, mice lacking ACKR2 exhibit protection against lung metastasis in melanoma and breast… Continue reading Selective expression and significance of ACKR2 in lung aerocytes
PD-1 suppresses human CD38+ circulating Tfr cells and regulates humoral immunity
Background Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) antibodies have achieved revolutionary success in cancer therapy. However, the impact of anti-PD-1 therapy on host humoral immunity in humans during cancer immunotherapy requires further investigation. Methods We evaluated immunoglobulin titers by ELISA and screened the immune landscape of immune cells from 25 healthy donors and 50 cases… Continue reading PD-1 suppresses human CD38+ circulating Tfr cells and regulates humoral immunity
Scientists engineer CRISPR enzymes that evade the immune system
The core components of CRISPR-based genome-editing therapies are bacterial proteins called nucleases that can stimulate unwanted immune responses in people, increasing the chances of side effects and making these therapies potentially less effective. Researchers at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and Cyrus Biotechnology have now engineered two CRISPR nucleases, Cas9 and Cas12, to… Continue reading Scientists engineer CRISPR enzymes that evade the immune system
Structural basis for TIR domain–mediated innate immune signaling by Toll-like receptor adaptors TRIF and TRAM
Disruption of tumor-intrinsic PGAM5 increases anti-PD-1 efficacy through the CCL2 signaling pathway
Background Immunosuppressive phenotype compromised immunotherapy efficacy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumor cells intrinsic mitochondria dynamics could pass effects on the extracellular microenvironment through mtDNA stress. PGAM5 anchors at mitochondria and regulates mitochondria functions. We aim to explore whether the regulation of tumor-intrinsic PGAM5 on mitochondria affects tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the microenvironment and whether tumor-intrinsic PGAM5… Continue reading Disruption of tumor-intrinsic PGAM5 increases anti-PD-1 efficacy through the CCL2 signaling pathway
Nivolumab plasma concentration and clearance associated with overall survival in patients with renal cell carcinoma
Background Nivolumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) that selectively inhibits programmed cell death protein 1 activation, restoring antitumor immunity. ICIs are indicated for various types of advanced solid tumors; however, not all patients benefit from them, and tools that could be used in the clinic to predict response to treatment represent an unmet need.… Continue reading Nivolumab plasma concentration and clearance associated with overall survival in patients with renal cell carcinoma
Novel and potent MICA/B antibody is therapeutically effective in KRAS LKB1 mutant lung cancer models
Background Concurrent KRAS LKB1 (STK11, KL) mutant non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) do not respond well to current immune checkpoint blockade therapies, however targeting major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A or B (MICA/B), could pose an alternative therapeutic strategy through activation of natural killer (NK) cells. Methods Expression of NK cell activating ligands in… Continue reading Novel and potent MICA/B antibody is therapeutically effective in KRAS LKB1 mutant lung cancer models
Structures of ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCC1 reveal the molecular basis of cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP export
ABCC1 mediates the export of cGAMP, but the underlying molecular mechanism of cGAMP recognition and export is not clear. Here, Shinde et al. show that human ABCC1 forms a dimer in vitro and in vivo. Cryo-EM structures of ligand-free and cGAMP-bound ABCC1 reveal the molecular basis of cGAMP recognition and export.