Background Tumor-bearing murine models are frequently used in head and neck cancer research. Subcutaneous heterotopic tumors are often utilized for their simplicity of implantation and ease of tumor access. However, orthotopic models, implanted into relevant organ-specific environments, are widely considered more translationally relevant. While both models may be used to study head and neck squamous… Continue reading 938 Comparative analysis of syngeneic oral cancer development in the murine heterotopic and orthotopic tumor microenvironments and draining lymph nodes
Tag: Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanisms
998 Oncolytic virotherapy changes tumor antigen landscapes in murine high-grade glioma models
Background Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain malignancy in adults, exhibiting aggressive behavior and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that impedes therapeutic efficacy, with a 5-year survival of 6.8%. There are currently a variety of immunotherapeutic treatments being explored as possible strategies for inducing anti-tumor immune responses in glioblastoma and other high-grade gliomas (HGG), many… Continue reading 998 Oncolytic virotherapy changes tumor antigen landscapes in murine high-grade glioma models
988 VAX014 activates multiple STING-mediated innate immune pathways to facilitate in situ immunization
Background VAX014 is a novel, non-viral, clinical-stage oncolytic immunotherapy recently reported to activate the Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) pathway, and unlike oncolytic virotherapies, has optimal antitumor activity in tumors expressing STING.1–3 We previously reported a dependence on tumor-intrinsic STING in the antitumor activity of VAX014 following intratumoral (i.t.) administration in wild type (WT) C57BL/6… Continue reading 988 VAX014 activates multiple STING-mediated innate immune pathways to facilitate in situ immunization
987 Intratumoral immunotherapy by expressing IL-12 and CD154 (CD40 ligand) is effective in murine tumor models
Background Tumors manifest local immune suppression which protects them from antitumor immunity, and effective immunotherapy must overcome that immune suppression. Intratumoral Immunotherapy (ITIT) applies local immune stimulating treatment to reverse local immune suppression and generate effective local and systemic antitumor immunity. There are many options for intratumoral immunotherapy and for combining ITIT with systemic immunotherapy.… Continue reading 987 Intratumoral immunotherapy by expressing IL-12 and CD154 (CD40 ligand) is effective in murine tumor models
920 ROSE12, a novel anti-CTLA-4 switch antibody with Fc{gamma}R affinity-enhanced Fc, evokes tumor-selective anti-tumor immune response, activated by extracellular ATP in tumor microenvironment
Background Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are considered potential targets in cancer immunotherapy, as tumor-infiltrating Tregs express higher levels of CTLA-4. One promising way to evoke effective anti-tumor immunity in cancer patients is by using an FcR affinity-enhanced anti-CTLA-4 antibody to deplete Tregs though ADCC/ADCP activity. Although anti-CTLA-4 antibodies with common FcR affinity-enhancing Fc, non-fucosylated Fc,… Continue reading 920 ROSE12, a novel anti-CTLA-4 switch antibody with Fc{gamma}R affinity-enhanced Fc, evokes tumor-selective anti-tumor immune response, activated by extracellular ATP in tumor microenvironment
904 iPSC-derived macrophages provide functional reproducibility with a rapid time to assay
Background Macrophages are phagocytic cells of the innate immune system involved in degradation of cellular debris and modulation of immune activity through cytokine and chemokine release. iCell® Macrophages 2.0 are functionally naïve macrophages derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) using a directed differentiation protocol that follows the natural macrophage developmental pathway. This enables… Continue reading 904 iPSC-derived macrophages provide functional reproducibility with a rapid time to assay
906 Pleckstrin promotes tumor-associated macrophages immunosuppression to reshape tumor immune microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by one of the most lethal cancers with limited treatment options and resistant to immunotherapies. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant immune cells within tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) that plays an essential role in tumor progression and inhibition of adaptive immune responses in PDAC.1 Thus, targeting TAMs-specific… Continue reading 906 Pleckstrin promotes tumor-associated macrophages immunosuppression to reshape tumor immune microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
913 Assessment and enhancement of natural killer cell immunity in brain metastasis
Background Uncontrolled proliferation of metastatic solid tumors accounts for most cancer-related deaths. Metastatic tumors in the brain exemplify several key difficulties associated with researching and treating metastatic disease, including poor tissue penetration by anti-neoplastic drugs and tight control of infiltrating immune cell function. Potentiation of brain-infiltrating effector immune cells represents a favorable strategy for the… Continue reading 913 Assessment and enhancement of natural killer cell immunity in brain metastasis
892 An intracellular phosphatase mediates innate immunity and cell death in non-small cell lung cancer – a new and potentially generalizable therapeutic target for immuno-oncology
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), a leading cause of death worldwide, is often characterized by chromosomal alterations in oncogenes that lead to dysregulated cellular metabolism and sustained proliferative signaling. While tyrosine kinase inhibitors are effective in prolonging patient survival, resistance is inevitable.1 Unfortunately, modern immunotherapies and salvage chemotherapies have not been shown to be effective.2 This… Continue reading 892 An intracellular phosphatase mediates innate immunity and cell death in non-small cell lung cancer – a new and potentially generalizable therapeutic target for immuno-oncology
879 Deep immunoprofiling of tumor mouse models for preclinical studies
Background Preclinical tumor oncology research relies on analysis of tumor cell lines implanted into immune-competent mice in case of syngeneic mouse tumors, or severely immune-deficient mouse models carrying nude, SCID IL-2Rg or Rag mutations in case of human Cell derived xenograft (CDX) tumors. Currently, the most advanced strains are the nonobese diabetic, severe combined immunodeficiency… Continue reading 879 Deep immunoprofiling of tumor mouse models for preclinical studies