Abstract Disease tolerance is an evolutionarily conserved host defense strategy that preserves tissue integrity and physiology without affecting pathogen load. Unlike host resistance, the mechanisms underlying disease tolerance remain poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated whether an adjuvant (β-glucan) can reprogram innate immunity to provide protection against influenza A virus (IAV) infection. β-Glucan… Continue reading β-Glucan reprograms neutrophils to promote disease tolerance against influenza A virus
Tag: Diagnostic and Laboratory Virology
Study on the clinical characteristics, persistent infection capability and viral load of human papillomavirus type 26 single infection
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. Different types of HPV have varying carcinogenic capabilities, and viral load is one of the key indicators of pathogenicity. Currently… Continue reading on BioMed Central
936 Transcriptional programming of CD8+ TIL specific for an oncogenic polyomavirus in Merkel cell carcinoma
Background Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a highly immunogenic, rare but aggressive skin cancer. Approximately 80% of MCCs are driven by the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), with ~50% objective response rate to PD–(L)1 blockade. It is hypothesized that this exceptional response rate is likely due to CD8+ T cell responses against MCPyV T antigens. We… Continue reading 936 Transcriptional programming of CD8+ TIL specific for an oncogenic polyomavirus in Merkel cell carcinoma
1014 Role of IRF7 in cGAS-STING pathway-dependent antitumor immunity
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Despite recent development of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) as a revolutionizing cancer treatment, only a minority of CRC patients with mismatch repair deficiency experience long-lasting benefits from immunotherapy due to immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). R-spondin proteins are secreted signaling… Continue reading 1014 Role of IRF7 in cGAS-STING pathway-dependent antitumor immunity
1007 Modulating CAF phenotypes in pancreatic cancer to enhance formation of tertiary lymphoid structures
Background Pancreatic cancer (PDAC) is considered an immunologically cold cancer type. This perception is due to its rapid progression, strong presence of immunosuppression and lack of response to current immunotherapies. However, we and others have shown that a significant proportion of PDAC patients do contain robust lymphocyte infiltration, often aggregated in the form of tertiary… Continue reading 1007 Modulating CAF phenotypes in pancreatic cancer to enhance formation of tertiary lymphoid structures
930 Intervention of intra-tumoral breast cancer stem cells and CD8+ T cell dysregulation: the impact of 2-deoxy-D-glucose
Background Intricate nature within tumors presents major obstacle in successful cancer management. A self-renewing subset of stem cells, designated as cancer stem cells (CSCs), drives this heterogeneity. Truncation of effector response from infiltrated CD8+ T-cells enhance Breast cancer stem cells (BCSC) survival.1–3 Within tumor microenvironment (TME), CD8+ T-cells undergo a hierarchical loss of proliferation and… Continue reading 930 Intervention of intra-tumoral breast cancer stem cells and CD8+ T cell dysregulation: the impact of 2-deoxy-D-glucose
887 The chromosome 19 microRNA cluster facilitates TIL-based immune evasion in human melanoma
Background The Chromosome 19 MicroRNA Cluster (C19MC) is a group of 46 microRNAs that span approximately 100 Kb of the human genome. C19MC is exclusively expressed in the placenta, regulating trophoblast migration and acting as an antiviral mechanism, but can become overexpressed in human cancers.1 Additionally, C19MC has been hypothesized to suppress maternal immunity to… Continue reading 887 The chromosome 19 microRNA cluster facilitates TIL-based immune evasion in human melanoma
841 A novel 96-well plate-based FACS-sorted single-cell approach allows the identification of immune receptor chain pairing & immunophenotyping of T or B cells
Background Single-cell adaptive immune receptor (AIR) profiling is a revolutionary approach that allows investigators to combine clonotype repertoire identification with paired-chain information and the phenotype of cells (e.g., cell subtype). Single-cell immune receptor profiling can be performed using a medium-throughput approach (1,000–5,000 cells) using microwell arrays or droplet microfluidics platforms. However, these assays are more… Continue reading 841 A novel 96-well plate-based FACS-sorted single-cell approach allows the identification of immune receptor chain pairing & immunophenotyping of T or B cells
781 4-1BB agonist targeted to fibroblast activation protein {alpha} synergizes with radiotherapy to treat murine breast tumor models
Background Ionizing radiation (IR) is a double-edged sword for immunotherapy as it may have both immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory effects. The biological effects of IR on the tumor microenvironment (TME) are a key factor for this balance. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is expressed on the surface of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF) in many cancer types and… Continue reading 781 4-1BB agonist targeted to fibroblast activation protein {alpha} synergizes with radiotherapy to treat murine breast tumor models
419 Utilization of memory NKG2CHi NK cells to target viral antigen peptides demonstrates a novel cellular immunotherapy strategy
Background Natural Killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in innate immune responses against virally infected and transformed cells. The management of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infections relies on a subset of NKG2C+ NK cells. The NKG2C/CD94 receptor complex recognize and respond to HCMV-infected cells expressing HLA-E loaded with viral gpUL40 antigen peptide. Upon activation, NKG2C+… Continue reading 419 Utilization of memory NKG2CHi NK cells to target viral antigen peptides demonstrates a novel cellular immunotherapy strategy