As you say farewell to summer, say hello to the latest installment of Editors’ Picks selected by the editors of the 10 AACR journals. This month’s selections include a drug that can help overcome resistance to several targeted therapies, an investigation of how tumor-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit CAR T-cell efficacy, a new type of bispecific… Continue reading Editors’ Picks: Highlights from the AACR Journals
Tag: Developmental Neuroscience
New research reveals close connection between cognitive flexibility and neurogenesis
AI SummaryCognitive adaptability is crucial for humans to switch problem-solving strategies when circumstances change. However, when this ability is diminished due to factors like aging or trauma, individuals struggle to adapt and remain stuck in previous thinking patterns.The ability to shift from one type of cognitive problem-solving strategy to another when the circumstances change, called… Continue reading New research reveals close connection between cognitive flexibility and neurogenesis
Fulvestrant increases the susceptibility of enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cells to NK-mediated lysis
Background Enzalutamide, a next-generation antiandrogen agent, is approved for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). While enzalutamide has been shown to improve time to progression and extend overall survival in men with CRPC, the majority of patients ultimately develop resistance to treatment. Immunotherapy approaches have shown limited clinical benefit in this patient population;… Continue reading Fulvestrant increases the susceptibility of enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cells to NK-mediated lysis
Dynamical modeling of proliferative-invasive plasticity and IFN{gamma} signaling in melanoma reveals mechanisms of PD-L1 expression heterogeneity
Background Phenotypic heterogeneity of melanoma cells contributes to drug tolerance, increased metastasis, and immune evasion in patients with progressive disease. Diverse mechanisms have been individually reported to shape extensive intra-tumor and inter-tumor phenotypic heterogeneity, such as IFN signaling and proliferative to invasive transition, but how their crosstalk impacts tumor progression remains largely elusive. Methods Here,… Continue reading Dynamical modeling of proliferative-invasive plasticity and IFN{gamma} signaling in melanoma reveals mechanisms of PD-L1 expression heterogeneity
[In Context] Healthy brain in a healthy body
Exercise and the Brain: Why Physical Exercise is Essential to Peak Cognitive Health . Robert Baloh discusses the effects of physical activity on brain development and its role in the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders .
Brain networks encoding memory come together via electric fields, study finds
AI SummaryNew evidence suggests that coordination between brain circuits and networks comes from electric fields. A recent study shows that as animals played working memory games, the electric field that emerged from the underlying electrical activity of participating neurons coordinated the information about what they were remembering across key brain regions. This discovery could have… Continue reading Brain networks encoding memory come together via electric fields, study finds
Hippocampal GABAergic interneurons and memory
In this review, Tzilivaki et al. summarize current information on hippocampal GABAergic interneurons with an emphasis on their connectivity patterns, mechanisms of plasticity induction, and regulation of oscillatory rhythms during memory processing.
2-Deoxyglucose drives plasticity via an adaptive ER stress-ATF4 pathway and elicits stroke recovery and Alzheimer’s resilience
AI SummaryIntermittent fasting can delay cognitive decline and improve conditions like stroke and Alzheimer’s. However, the exact impact of glucose restriction, a part of intermittent fasting, is not fully understood. Researchers used 2-deoxyglucose to investigate how low glucose stimulates brain plasticity and treats stroke and Alzheimer’s.Intermittent fasting (IF) is a nutritional paradigm that forestalls cognitive… Continue reading 2-Deoxyglucose drives plasticity via an adaptive ER stress-ATF4 pathway and elicits stroke recovery and Alzheimer’s resilience
Single genomic enhancers drive experience-dependent GABAergic plasticity to maintain sensory processing in the adult cortex
By identifying two enhancers that cooperatively drive experience-induced Igf1 transcription in mouse cortical VIP interneurons and by analyzing the synaptic and circuit functions of these enhancers, Roethler et al. demonstrate that single experience-induced enhancers maintain information processing in adult neural circuits by modulating E/I ratio to homeostatically restrict neural activity.
PD-L1/PD-1 checkpoint pathway regulates hippocampal neuronal excitability and learning and memory behavior
In this study, Zhao et al. report that the PD-L1/PD-1 axis in hippocampal excitatory neurons regulates neuronal excitability, synaptic plasticity, and learning/memory. Blockade of PD-L1 or PD-1 is a new strategy to improve learning and memory in health and disease.