Tag: Clinical and Applied Neuroscience

[In Context] Pengfei Yang

Pengfei Yang is professor of neurosurgery and executive director of the neurovascular centre at Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Shanghai, China). He obtained his medical degree from Zhejiang University (Hangzhou, China) and did his postdoctoral research on interventional neuroradiology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (Madison, WI, USA). He leads a series of trials focusing on… Continue reading [In Context] Pengfei Yang

[In Context] Standing in Cushing’s shadow

Brain surgery, like rocket science, has become a byword in popular culture for an intellectually challenging and risky pursuit. Its practitioners, at least according to their portrayal in popular culture, are either brilliant but arrogant renaissance men or reckless experimenters. But where do these stereotypes come from and do they reflect the reality of life… Continue reading [In Context] Standing in Cushing’s shadow

[Editorial] Traumatic brain injury in older adults: a neglected challenge

Worldwide, at least 38 million people had a traumatic brain injury in 2021. The greatest burden of injury is faced by older people: disability-adjusted life years (DALYs; a measure of disease burden) are high in older adults (176·5 DALYs per 100 000 at age 60–79 years and 226·3 per 100 000 at age ≥80 years) compared with… Continue reading [Editorial] Traumatic brain injury in older adults: a neglected challenge

[Review] Unique considerations in the assessment and management of traumatic brain injury in older adults

The age-specific incidence of traumatic brain injury in older adults is rising in high-income countries, mainly due to an increase in the incidence of falls. The severity of traumatic brain injury in older adults can be underestimated because of a delay in the development of mass effect and symptoms of intracranial haemorrhage. Management and rehabilitation… Continue reading [Review] Unique considerations in the assessment and management of traumatic brain injury in older adults

Multitasking Practice Eliminates Modality-Based Interference by Separating Task Representations in Sensory Brain Regions

The debate on the neural basis of multitasking costs evolves around neural overlap between concurrently performed tasks. Recent evidence suggests that training-related reductions in representational overlap in fronto-parietal brain regions predict multitasking improvements. Cognitive theories assume that overlap of task representations may lead to unintended information exchange between tasks (i.e., crosstalk). Modality-based crosstalk was suggested… Continue reading Multitasking Practice Eliminates Modality-Based Interference by Separating Task Representations in Sensory Brain Regions

Toward a functional future for the cognitive neuroscience of human aging

Mooraj et al. outline why task-based functional neuroimaging must move center-stage to better understand the neural bases of human cognitive aging. In turn, the authors sketch a framework intended to reorient the field toward a functionally imaged, multimodally interrogated, behavior-first perspective.

Personal interests can influence how children’s brains respond to language

A recent study from the McGovern Institute for Brain Research shows how interests can modulate language processing in children’s brains and paves the way for personalized brain research. The paper, which appears in Imaging Neuroscience, was conducted in the lab of MIT professor and McGovern Institute investigator John Gabrieli, and led by senior author Anila… Continue reading Personal interests can influence how children’s brains respond to language