Differential roles of human CD4+ and CD8+ regulatory T cells in controlling self-reactive immune responses

Abstract Here we analyzed the relative contributions of CD4+ regulatory T cells expressing Forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3) and CD8+ regulatory T cells expressing killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors to the control of autoreactive T and B lymphocytes in human tonsil-derived immune organoids. FOXP3 and GZMB respectively encode proteins FOXP3 and granzyme B, which are critical… Continue reading Differential roles of human CD4+ and CD8+ regulatory T cells in controlling self-reactive immune responses

TWiV 1183: More than 2024 viruses

TWiV reviews some of their favorite virology stories from 2024. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Click arrow to playDownload TWiV 1183 (66 MB .mp3, 111 min) Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Support science education at MicrobeTV ASV 2025 SARS-CoV-2 origins (TWiV Special) TWiV 1163: Hepadnaviridae in the… Continue reading TWiV 1183: More than 2024 viruses

MAF1 inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis by fostering an immunostimulatory tumor microenvironment

Background The biological significance of MAF1, a tumor suppressor, in carcinogenesis and immune response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unreported. Understanding the underlying mechanisms by which MAF1 enhances anti-tumor immunity in HCC is crucial for developing novel immunotherapy strategies and enhancing clinical responses to treatment for patients with HCC. Methods Mice were subjected to hydrodynamic… Continue reading MAF1 inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis by fostering an immunostimulatory tumor microenvironment

Utilization of primary tumor samples for cancer neoantigen discovery

Background The use of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TIL) that recognize cancer neoantigens has led to lasting remissions in metastatic melanoma and certain cases of metastatic epithelial cancer. For the treatment of the latter, selecting cells for therapy typically involves laborious screening of TIL for recognition of autologous tumor-specific mutations, detected through next-generation sequencing of freshly… Continue reading Utilization of primary tumor samples for cancer neoantigen discovery

FAP-targeted radioligand therapy with 68Ga/177Lu-DOTA-2P(FAPI)2 enhance immunogenicity and synergize with PD-L1 inhibitors for improved antitumor efficacy

Background Fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeted radioligand therapy, with immunomodulatory effects, has shown efficacy in both preclinical and clinical studies. We recently reported on a novel dimeric FAP-targeting radiopharmaceutical, 68Ga/177Lu-DOTA-2P(FAPI)2, which demonstrated increased tumor uptake and prolonged retention in various cancers. However, further exploration is required to understand the therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of combining… Continue reading FAP-targeted radioligand therapy with 68Ga/177Lu-DOTA-2P(FAPI)2 enhance immunogenicity and synergize with PD-L1 inhibitors for improved antitumor efficacy

Antibodies against the multifaceted cathepsin D protein open new avenues for TNBC immunotherapy

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous breast cancer subtype characterized by aggressive clinical behavior and poor prognosis. The immune landscape associated with TNBC often reveals high immunogenicity. Therefore, immunotherapy, which has demonstrated its efficacy in different cancer types, could be a promising strategy for TNBC, given the limited therapeutic options currently available besides conventional… Continue reading Antibodies against the multifaceted cathepsin D protein open new avenues for TNBC immunotherapy

Early assessment of IL8 and PD1+ Treg predicts response and guides treatment monitoring in cemiplimab-treated cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Purpose Anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD1) is the first-choice treatment in patients with advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), when curative options are unavailable. However, reliable biomarkers for patient selection are still lacking. Experimental design In this translational study, clinical annotations, tissue and liquid biopsies were acquired to investigate the association between sustained objective responses… Continue reading Early assessment of IL8 and PD1+ Treg predicts response and guides treatment monitoring in cemiplimab-treated cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma