AI SummaryTwo populations of LDTGABA neurons regulate different reactions to unpleasant stimuli. Reelin+ neurons relay aversive stimuli to the mesolimbic DA system, while Sst-expressing neurons regulate the system through hypothalamic circuitry.Du et al. reveal that two separate populations of LDTGABA neurons are involved in the regulation of distinct behavioral reactions to unpleasant stimuli. Long-range VTA-projecting (Reelin+)… Continue reading Dopamine release and negative valence gated by inhibitory neurons in the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus
Category: Neuroscience
Top-down control of exogenous attentional selection is mediated by beta coherence in prefrontal cortex
Dubey et al. demonstrate inhibitory network mechanisms of top-down control of attentional selection in the prefrontal cortex. A specific neuronal-response class—visual-movement neurons—encodes exogenous and endogenous selection. Coherent beta activity selectively suppresses sensory information flow in these neurons to favor endogenous selection during conflict.
[Comment] Secondary stroke prevention: more questions than answers
Advances in the clinical management of acute stroke in the past decade have led to more people surviving and living with less disability after stroke than before. However, secondary strokes, which are often more severe than the incident stroke, remain prevalent. In The Lancet Neurology, Christopher Schwarzbach and colleagues present the results of the SANO… Continue reading [Comment] Secondary stroke prevention: more questions than answers
[In Context] Richard Morris on memory: the 2022 Ferrier Prize Lecture
AI SummaryThe Ferrier Prize Lecture is an annual event hosted by The Royal Society to honor David Ferrier, a Scottish neurologist known for his work on brain function. He was also a co-founder of the journal Brain.The Ferrier Prize Lecture is an annual event hosted by The Royal Society (London, UK)—a Fellowship of world-leading scientists… Continue reading [In Context] Richard Morris on memory: the 2022 Ferrier Prize Lecture
Brain networks encoding memory come together via electric fields, study finds
AI SummaryNew evidence suggests that coordination between brain circuits and networks comes from electric fields. A recent study shows that as animals played working memory games, the electric field that emerged from the underlying electrical activity of participating neurons coordinated the information about what they were remembering across key brain regions. This discovery could have… Continue reading Brain networks encoding memory come together via electric fields, study finds
PLA2G2E-mediated lipid metabolism triggers brain-autonomous neural repair after ischemic stroke
PLA2G2E from peri-infarct-surviving neurons metabolizes phosphatidylserine to DGLA and 15-HETrE, which triggers functional recovery after ischemic stroke. These reparative lipid mediators induce PADI4 in peri-infarct-surviving neurons to initiate neural repair-associated gene expression through histone citrullination, demonstrating brain-autonomous extensive repair capabilities through lipid metabolism.
A cortico-amygdala neural substrate for endocannabinoid modulation of fear extinction
AI SummaryFear extinction is linked to changes in endocannabinoids at certain brain connections and loss of endocannabinoid signaling impairs fear extinction. This identifies a neural circuit involved in using endocannabinoids to enhance extinction.Gunduz-Cinar et al. find that fear extinction is associated with dynamic changes in endocannabinoids at mPFC input to BLA and show that loss of… Continue reading A cortico-amygdala neural substrate for endocannabinoid modulation of fear extinction
Nucleocytoplasmic mRNA redistribution accompanies RNA binding protein mislocalization in ALS motor neurons and is restored by VCP ATPase inhibition
Ziff et al. uncover widespread mRNA redistribution and mislocalization of RNA-binding proteins in ALS motor neurons. Their study highlights the potential of VCP ATPase inhibition in partially restoring mRNA and protein distribution, providing insights into ALS pathogenesis and a promising therapeutic target.
Brady Weissbourd named Klingenstein-Simons Fellow
AI SummaryThe text discusses how MIT Assistant Professor Brady Weissbourd has received a Klingenstein-Simons Fellowship Award to study the neuron-manufacturing abilities of the Clytia hemisphaerica jellyfish and how it builds and rebuilds its nervous system. Weissbourd’s research aims to understand how the jellyfish produces newborn neurons, organizes its neural network, and recovers from the destruction… Continue reading Brady Weissbourd named Klingenstein-Simons Fellow
Distinct spatial maps and multiple object codes in the lateral entorhinal cortex
AI SummaryThe LEC conveys non-spatial information to the hippocampus, but a study by Huang et al. shows that it also contains spatial and object coding neurons. These neurons play a role in forming episodic memory.The LEC is best known for conveying non-spatial information to the hippocampus. In this study, Huang et al. provide evidence that the… Continue reading Distinct spatial maps and multiple object codes in the lateral entorhinal cortex