Multivalent antigen display on nanoparticle immunogens increases B cell clonotype diversity and neutralization breadth to pneumoviruses

A mechanistic understanding of immune responses elicited by multivalent nanoparticle immunogens is lacking in higher mammals. Ols et al. show in non-human primates that humoral responses are modulated by interrelated aspects of nanoparticles: their size and valency. Nanoparticle size slowed lymphatic transport, and valency-dependent avidity improved recruitment of low-affinity B cells, increasing B cell clonotype diversity and neutralization breadth.

Specialized T cells in the brain slow progression of Alzheimer’s disease

AI Summary- A subset of CD8+ T cells in the brain can reduce microglia activation and limit disease pathology in Alzheimer’s disease. – The study provides valuable insights into the potential therapeutic role of CD8+ T cells in Alzheimer’s disease. – CD8+ T cells may have a protective effect against the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.Scientists… Continue reading Specialized T cells in the brain slow progression of Alzheimer’s disease

Engineers design more powerful RNA vaccines

AI Summary- Researchers enhanced the immune response of mice by incorporating synergistic self-adjuvanting properties into Covid-19 RNA vaccines. – The boost in immune response suggests potential efficacy in enhancing vaccine effectiveness. – Summary unavailable.By adding synergistic self-adjuvanting properties to Covid-19 RNA vaccines, researchers showed they could significantly boost the immune response generated in mice.

Immune cells can create their own chemical cues to navigate in complex environments

Human immune cells are capable of coordinating their own movement more independently than previously thought. InFLAMES researcher Jonna Alanko has discovered that immune cells do not just passively follow the chemical cues in their environment. Quite the contrary, they can also shape these cues and navigate in complex environments in a self-organized manner. Directional cell… Continue reading Immune cells can create their own chemical cues to navigate in complex environments

Published
Categorized as Immunology

Scientists elucidate mechanism behind early loss of vaccination protection in people with autoimmune disease

People who are treated with TNF-α inhibitors for their autoimmune disease such as Crohn’s disease or rheumatoid arthritis lose their vaccination protection significantly earlier than average. The mechanism underlying the early decrease in antibody levels has now been eludicated by a scientific team from MedUni Vienna. In view of the results, principal investigator Ursula Wiedermann-Schmidt… Continue reading Scientists elucidate mechanism behind early loss of vaccination protection in people with autoimmune disease

CXCR6 orchestrates brain CD8+ T cell residency and limits mouse Alzheimer’s disease pathology

Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), are characterized by innate immune-mediated inflammation, but functional and mechanistic effects of the adaptive immune system remain unclear. Here we identify brain-resident CD8+ T cells that coexpress CXCR6 and PD-1 and are in proximity to plaque-associated microglia in human and mouse AD brains. We also establish that CD8+… Continue reading CXCR6 orchestrates brain CD8+ T cell residency and limits mouse Alzheimer’s disease pathology