The publication of the WHO Global Tuberculosis Report on Oct 29, 2024, has highlighted that tuberculosis is again the leading infectious cause of death after COVID-19 had held the dubious crown in the past 3 years. We are still distant from the End TB Strategy targets set for 2030 with the net reduction in the tuberculosis incidence rate between 2015 and 2023 being 8·3%, far from the WHO End TB Strategy milestone of a 50% reduction by 2025. The total number of incident cases increased to 10·8 million in 2023, which may be in part due to an increase in the world’s population.