We have conducted a multicenter, open-label, randomized phase III trial (JCOG2007) comparing platinum combination chemotherapy (two cycles) with nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus platinum combination chemotherapy with pembrolizumab in individuals with previously untreated advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).1 Patient enrollment started in April 2021 with a target of 422 cases. However, among the 148 patients assigned to the nivolumab plus ipilimumab arm, 11 (7.4%) individuals experienced treatment-related death (TRD), including four cases of pneumonitis, three cases of cytokine release syndrome (CRS), one actual and one suspected case of myocarditis, one case of sepsis, and one case of hemophagocytic syndrome (Table 1).