In a phase 3 international trial, individuals aged 15 years and older with fluoroquinolone-susceptible, rifampin-resistant tuberculosis were randomly assigned to receive either standard 18–24-month regimens or one of five 9-month, all-oral regimens. At week 73, a favourable outcome (two negative sputum culture results plus no deaths or treatment changes), assessed in 562 participants, was non-inferior to standard treatment for three of the shorter regimens: bedaquiline, linezolid, moxifloxacin, and pyrazinamide; bedaquiline, clofazimine, linezolid, levofloxacin, and pyrazinamide; and bedaquiline, delamanid, linezolid, levofloxacin, and pyrazinamide.