Immune-checkpoint inhibitors are specific monoclonal antibodies that block immunological inhibitors of T cells. Such antibodies are used with increasing frequency to treat several types of cancer but can cause various immunological toxic effects. In The Lancet Neurology, Elianet Fonseca and colleagues1 report a retrospective study of patients who had neurological adverse events after receiving an immune-checkpoint inhibitors. The findings add to existing knowledge about these adverse events and emphasise the need for greater coordination between oncologists and neurologists.