Cancer‐associated fibroblasts contribute to the immunosuppressive landscape and influence the efficacy of the combination therapy of PD‐1 inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents in hepatocellular carcinoma

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a key role in HCC TME remodeling . The level of abundance of CAFs may significantly affect the prognosis and outcome in patients . Patients in the CAF high cluster had a higher levels of inflammatory cell infiltration and a more significant immunosuppressive microenvironment .

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