Patients with melanoma that has spread to the brain have a four to six month average survival time. Immunotherapies, which use the immune system’s ability to fight cancer cells, have generated interest in recent years because they have the potential to revolutionize the way metastatic melanomas are treated. However, early clinical studies have shown that the prognosis for the majority of patients is still unfavorable. In order to more effectively target brain melanoma, scientists have now integrated a number of therapeutic strategies. In sophisticated mouse models that mimic human environments, the researchers were able to successfully activate immune responses in preclinical studies.